Like most good advice this has been said many times. I don't know who is famous for saying this particular version of it either. An interesting one is that the three sentences you mention are Ego, Superego, and Id in Freud. These are the three sources of why people do what they do that compete for dominance in their decisions. There is also a fairly sizeable literature proving this in Social Psychology. My Ph.D. is in verbal learning and MEMORY but in experimental psychology and AI. Here is a short explanation of Freud's three competing sources of knowledge:

https://medium.com/liecatcher/freud-and-mendaciology-5bff28651972

What we do know is that people learn by doing. The TruthCourt.Net SAAS service is there to help the learn for themselves what they should be remembering. It is not a course in logic or law. It lets people experience how other people see truth and lies and how people make judgements closer to how the human brain actually computes quite well.

https://medium.com/liecatcher/a-little-ado-to-easily-clean-up-the-internet-4742021acdc8