I am probably missing something about the outdoor game console. If you carry it and it is supposed to
make dynamic measurements of real physical distances, then this could get fairly complicated fast. Also expensive. Lidar does this and there are a number of attempts out there to make it inexpensive enough for a cell phone. If it is to be pitched there are all sorts of dynamic changes going on. Or is this a one person game? I couldn't tell from what you say.
Modern cell phones have the power and almost certainly could be programmed for inertial navigation but again hard.
I know python fairly well, and you could not be using a better language. It was developed by Bob Kahn who is one of the original 'inventors' of email (he was
with DARPA when he 'invented' the email you have today). The Corporation for National Research Initiatives, based in Reston, Virginia, is a non-profit organization founded in 1986 by Robert E. Kahn as an "activities center around strategic development of network-based information technologies", including the National Information Infrastructure in the United States. He used DARPA money to develop Python as a high level programming language when he started CNRI. Bob, as usual for him, succeeded.
I would suggest seeing if a local high school has a robotics club or class and see if the students there want to try to make your idea into a working prototype. I see lots of sneaky ways to make it work, but some kids will have the time to scope the problem better. Again, the hard problem I see is if you need the ball to know where it is, who has it, and so forth. Lots of possible ways to do it, but all are hard from the point of view of practical application.